Gangster Article

Guns, drugs, money, sex and scandal, all things that on would find conventional in a gangster movie. Men; ruthless, hardened organised criminals, the main characters of Gangster films. That is highly conventional. There have been a few films where the female is the Gangster but that is a highly unconventional factor. For example in the film Rolling With The Nines. Directors and film creators use conventions to uncover the genres of films. In Gangster films sexual content, violence, drugs, money and foul language are some of the obvious things that make this genre. How else can one tell a gangster from another film? By using characters and props. Film makers are able to portray a distilled image of a gangster way of life. Films like Scarface, American Gangster and the Godfather showcase imagery heavily featuring Fancy cars and well pressed suits. In Scarface as Tony Montana's journey to the top of the food chain progressed so did his sense of style and he literally went from rags to riches. Guns are the weapon of choice. Ninja's have their blades and gangsters have their bullets. Having a gun in a gangster movie connotes power and respect. Tony Montana used a gun to kill his boss and seal his place on top. After giving the runts the guns to fight in a war they had no part in, the runts killed Lil Ze and began to make a hit list. Laying amongst corpses he was not responsible for, Tom is spotted by Big Chris, a ruthless gangster but is respected because of the scenery he is in.

Time is an effortless factor in film but can be altered in anyway using flashbacks, flash forwards, memories and even cutaways. Films often use inter titles in order to show the audience when the movie is taking place. Scarface skips a various number of time frames in order to derive the important events happening in the film, this is a technique used mostly by mainstream Hollywood. City of God however takes a more unconventional route by starting at the end of the film and then reverting a decade into the past to tell a story. A technique like this is often used in stories based on true events the beginning of a movie sets up the audience with a question of "how did we get here?" And the rest of the films objective is set out to answer that question. This is why the film peals to a niche category of audience because it has a complex story line.

The story of Scarface is singlehandedly about the life of Tony Montana. His rise to success and his fall to death. A Single strand narrative, is the appropriate term for such a narrative. The audience focuses on the protagonist and his story, his thirst to get more out of life, his accomplishments and then his down fall. Cause and effect is the reaction of a single strand narrative. Multistrand narratives however break down events per character. Usually the characters with the story, besides the main protagonist are called  stock characters. This is quite unconventional of Gangster films but is very effective in the sense of telling a story. It's a technique that often appeals to an Alternative or a Niche audience because it is an orthodox. This technique was used in Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels as well as City of God. Each of the films had little sub stories which were intertwined with the main narrative.

Predominantly about men, Gangster films initial target audience is male. Scarface and Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels are about the goings on in male gangsters lives over a period of time. They are portrayed as ambitious, money oriented, clever, hardworking and loyal beings despite the fact that there way of life is illegal. Also, Gangsters are a loyal people, who respect the rules of the game and those above them, unless they want to be on top. Like Tony Montana who killed his boss in order to take over his empire. But he did have respect for his mother. Women in Gangster films are portrayed in a different manner. To appeal to the better nature of the initial male audience, females are sexually objectified, for example in City of God, as much as they were respectful,  Angelica and Bernice used sex to control the boys. There was numerous graphical content in the film. In order to segment the audience they must portray women in a strong independent manner, for example Mama Montana, was a very strong individual, she respected her self and the law, she didn't want anything to do with Tony if he was breaking the law. As well as the Black Jack dealer in Lock, Stock; she was very up tight and respectful, she showed her authority using dialogue.

Gangster films are known for their extreme violent content, which is highly conventional of them. What is unconventional of a gangster film, is to use children to play the role of a gangster. In City of God there were barely any adults in the film and the ones that were included didn't play a significant role. The majority of the cast were children and teenagers and it is unconventional because it is based on actual events, you wouldn't expect one to get entertained by children, hurting each other or other people. The mass slaughter committed by Lil Dice, included point of view shots from the victims in the Motel. Another extreme scene which was highly unorthodox, was Lil Ze ordering a child to kill his friends. Such scenes are very harmful to the audience and they can take a negative toll on them, but not all films are about entertainment. some times, people need to be educated.

USES AND GRATIFICATION

The Uses and gratification Theory suggests that the audience have a tendency to use the film for other purposes besides it's general purpose which is overall entertainment. It is apparent that the audience responds to films actively rather than passively, by engaging in it. Some of the purposes which active audiences use the film for include the following:
Escape: To find an outlet in a different world other than their own, for example video games and music.
Social interaction: People create personal relationships with the characters in a media text. More so if the text is fictional.
Identify: People often find them selves in a character that they feel that they can relate to or they have something in common with. For example hair styles, trend, life style or ambition.
Inform and Educate: Especially for real life events the audience gains an understanding of whats going on in the world around them. 
Entertain: This what I believe to be the overall purpose of media texts, to entertain with out any other gratifications.

I think that this theory can be used in gangster films because, the gangster genre is an active one, to understand the gangster genre you must be able to engage in the film. This is because majority of the gangster movies are put out to the public as a message inform of entertainment. The message is "conform or else." At the end of every gangster movie we see the gangster either dying or changing his ways. This can be a form of Informing and educating the audience.
The target audience for gangster films is initially males. The way in which the Gangster genre represents males tends to allow some of them to identify them selves in the characters, for example; in Scarface, people felt that they could relate to Tony Montana and his struggles and the way he strived for what he wanted. Some people idolise him and have developed a relationship with his character, these are forms of social interaction. Even though his character is completely fictional.
To conclude I feel that watching a Gangster film is a passive activity, and it is possible that when one watches a gangster film that they may find other uses for it other than pure entertainment.

Escape
Scarface: The world of the film scarface is very different, we see someone who starts with nothing rise to everything and get everything they have ever wanted. People that have a similar motive in life tend to loose themselves in the film, they get to see their own ambitions come to life inside the film. For example in the film, during the montage after Tony killed his boss Frank the montage that followed included him getting married and building a new lavish life for him self.
City of God: Unless you are from Rio and have seen what it is like to live there, or you have experienced a life style similar to that of the characters of the City of God  the movie takes you to a whole different paradigm and you have a glance at what other people have endured especially since it is based on factual events.

Social Interaction
Scarface: People often develop a relationship with the character of Tony Montana and try to put themselves in his shoes. As he is the protagonist they see the movie through his point of view and how everything around him is making him who he is.
City of God: The fact that the film is based on true events people often find them selves wondering what if life was like that for them in their own country. They start to feel sorry for those who are suffering and angry at the people who are causing them pain.

Identify
Scarface: A lot of people see them selves in Tony Montana, and if not most who watch the film aspire to be like him, tough, ruthless, ambitious, and rich. He came from nothing and made something of him self, people ignore his downfall and set there own goals of success they way he did and set out to achieve them. Trying to make someone' fictional life, their own life in reality.
City of God: Rocket the protagonist is the character that most people would relate to, he is educated, set in his ways and trying to make something of him self. He is independent and has a mature style of thinking and is more civilised compared to the others in the film. People find this relatable.

Inform and Educate
Scarface: Even though the entire movie is fictional it's story line is deep and people can take either a positive of negative message from it. The message that the film makers set out for the audience is that crime never pays. Even though Tony found success and riches, he lost every one he loved and his life was taken in the end. The messages other people may receive is that, one should set goals and do everything they can to achieve them, to never loose sight of their goals.
City of God: Considering the fact the movie is based on actual events people are able to gain a sense of understanding of what is going on in the world around them.

GANGSTER STUDY JOURNAL: CITY OF GOD

The City of God is a Gangster film this is evident through the conventions which it contains. Guns, love interests, gangs, drugs, explicit language and vulgar sexual content. However there are certain factors in the film which are unconventional such as; infants handling drugs and guns, children killing other people. The film contains a sense of realism as it was based on actual events.

The film takes place in Rio de Janeiro in a slum called Cidade de Deus which is directly translated from Portuguese to English as City of God. The story is narrated by the main protagonist Rocket. The son of a fish monger an aspiring photographer. It is based on a true story and it depicts the trials and tribulations the citizens of Rio face in the slums such as drug abuse, violent crime, and over all Rockets struggle to break away from the manner which his friends and family have been accustomed to and make something of himself.

The film begins with a chase sequence, children are chasing a chicken which they have been told to catch by a man. The group is clearly a gang as they are armed and they go about the chase not caring about anyone in their way. The chicken is in the middle of the street beneath the feet of the protagonist rocket and the gang leader points a gun at him and tells him to grab the chicken. Rocket begins to narrate the story and the film flashes back to almost a decade ago to show the audience how exactly he got into the predicament.

The story of "The Tender Trio" is told. One of its member is Rockets elder brother Goose. The Tender Trio weren't your average gang the didn't kill or harm innocent people, the instead committed small crimes for the benefit of others and people close to them. Lil Dice, a young child set in his ways convinces the gang to rob a motel and the people staying there. The gang agree to his proposal but they leave him out of the heist. Clearly this was not part of his plan but the group were convinced they were looking out for him. Angered and how The Tender Trio have belittled him, he fires a warning shot, convinces the gang the police are after them and commits a mass slaughter of all the residents of the motel. The film jumps ahead, showing Lil Dice become Lil Ze through the help of a witch and become the top Drug Lord. 

Lil Ze is then identified as the antagonist in the film, the cause  of all the chaos and destruction in every ones lives. After the death of his best friend Benny Lil Ze lost his way and Raped the girl friend of a peaceful bus conductor named knock out Ned. This began the downward spiral of Lil Ze. He failed to kill Knock Out Ned as he had intended and went back for him at his home, killing his brother and his uncle in the process. Ned looses his patience with Lil Ze and seeks vengeance for his family. He teams up with Carrot on of the other Drug Lords in the City of God but then looses sight of his goal to avenge his family and ends up becoming a gang member. Ned ends up on the newspapers for a raid he committed with Carrot, angered by this Lil Ze starts to quench fame. He finds Rocket, returns the camera he stole from him and asks for him to take pictures, unfortunately the pictures were accidently printed in the papers. Rocket fears for his life thinking that Lil Ze will come after him for exposing him like that, but Lil Ze appreciates the recognition.

Going back to where the film began, (the chicken chase) Rocket tries to catch the chicken but is shaken by Lil Ze's request to have his picture taken, before he can get the shot a gun fight breaks out between Lil Ze's gang and Carrot and Knockout Ned's gang. A boy who is in Lil Ze's gang kills Knockout Ned, a flashback shows the biys father being killed at the bank by Knockout Ned before his very eyes. Lil Ze and Carrot are arrested and taken away by the police. Lil Ze gives the police officers all the money that he had and they demanded more. After the police leave him the very children e handed guns to, to help him fight his war saw him at his weakest and took advantage of the situation and killed him. Rocket was in the background hidden away taking pictures of all the goings on to take back to his news agency.

The film is told by the protagonist but split into three main segments; The Tender Trio, Lil Dice aka Lil Ze and Knockout Ned. All these stories are intertwined and they have an effect on the protagonist and an effect on the ending. There are other short stories included in the film such as The killing of Otto's father by Knockout Ned, Benny's fare well; this is the story of the coolest hood in the slum. Benny was Lil Ze's bestfriend but he was not as ruthless as Lil Ze, however he stuck by his loyalties to his friend. Once he got a taste of the life of the hippy's (Rockets friends) it became the life he was accustomed too and he chose it over the hood life. This decision was made because he fell in love. Which was a sign of history repeating itself. One of the members of The Tender Trio fell in love and choose love over the hood life but was killed for it.

The use of a multistrand narrative and the realism of the events of the film are what the audience is most likely to find captivating.

The main characters in the film are Rocket, the protagonist, Lil Ze the Antagonist, Benny a secondary protagonist and Knockout Ned even though he is just a stock character his role in the film is great.

Women are portrayed primarily as victims, such as Shorty's wife. She wasn't getting much out of her marriage and took to a lover and was brutally murdered and her body inconsiderably discarded. The strongest women in the film were Angelica and Bernice, the attempted to reverse the power equation by using there sexual hold over men, encouraging them to leave the gangs and make something better of themselves. Both of them ended up loosing the man they love as a result of the escape attempts, making them both indirect victims of violence and indirectly responsible for it.
Teenagers and children lack morals in the City of God. If they are not committing crimes and selling drugs, they are drug abusers which is not morally acceptable in any society, but because of the life that they are accustomed to they are subjected to all these morally degrading factors.
The adults do not cater to their children. It is the responsibility if a parent to lead their child down a morally upright life, but the parents of the children don't take it upon themselves to do so, they just complain once the children and teenagers are out of order ergo, miscreants and hoodlums run the city.
One can see that Rocket is the opposite of Lil Ze, they are the same age and both set in there ways but while Rocket aspiring to get out of the slums and make something better of him self. Lil Ze wants to run the hood, and have everyone fear him. This is the epitome of rivalry and war in films the good vs the evil.

The target audience in terms of age is Primarily 18+ this is because of the explicit nature of some of the film conventions such as sex, language, violence and substance abuse. All of these conventions were evident throughout the entire film. In terms of gender the film is appealing to all. For males it is due to the over all content of the film. Research shows that for males the most appealing genre is gangster due to the conventions which it contains. Furthermore, the way by which males are represented in the film, as strong fearless ambitious individuals may also strike them as appealing.
For females the story line of the film is interesting, especially the love interests. Some women may find it relatable to have a bad boy boyfriend whom they are trying to save just like Angelica and Bernice in the City of God. The audiences main interests could be foreign films, as City of God is written and dictated in Portuguese and contains subtitles. Most people fine foreign films and subtitles off putting. The gangster genre, true life stories and violence are also other primary interests. The audience is most likely to find the story line and the multistrand narrative appealing and entertaining as well as the content. They may also relate to the characters in the film.
In conclusion City of God is a Niche film that appeals to a specific type of audience based on age and mutual interest.

Gangster Genre Study Journal

Cynthia Helen Ankunda

Gangster Genre Study Journal

SCARFACE (1983)

Scarface is a 1980's Gangster Film about an ambitious Cuban immigrant named Tony Montana whose aim is to be the richest drug-lord in Miami. In order to do so Montana must leave Cuba and start out as a rookie underdog and the crawl his way up to the top to get everything he has ever wanted that it, Money and power.

Narrative:

In May of 1980 Tony Montana seeks asylum in Miami. He is then detained and question by three INS-officials who detained him in a camp called Freedom town. The content in this scene helped to establish the fact that Tony Montana is the protagonist that the audience needs to relate and connect with him. With the help of his best friend and brother figure Manny, Tony received word that he could attain a green card by killing a former aid to the boss of a drug cartel in Miami. In doing this Tony paved way for himself and Manny to leave the camp and start making their journey to the top.

They start a new life working as dishwashers in a taco shop, but we see that Tony clearly is not comfortable and he wants more. He feels like he wants more and this is symbolic of his goal to achieve the ultimate American dream. The leader of the Drug cartel later recruits him, to pick up a delivery of cocaine from a dealer called Hector the toad. He goes with Manny and two other men in his crew, Angel and Chichi. Manny and Chichi wait in the car as Tony and Angel go to pick up the cocaine. It is evident that Hector doesn’t intent to sell the cocaine that he has but to rather steal the money off of the rookie gangsters. The operation takes a turn for the worst and Angel is tied to the shower rod and gagged as Tony is forced to watch Hector brutally decapitate his arm and leg. Sensing something is wrong Manny and Chichi come to the aid of their partners. Manny is shot in the shoulder but Tony confronts Hector in the street and avenges his friend by killing him.

Having killed Hector, Tony makes a good impression on Frank, the leader of the Drug cartel by returning with both the money and the cocaine. We see Tony and Manny making their mark in the drug world, now that they have gained the trust and the respect of Frank. In this scene we are introduced to the love interest Elvira Hancock. Franks wife. She is one of the main causes of tension between Frank and Tony because Tony is smitten with her the minute he meets her. Tony and Manny are introduced to a lavish lifestyle through being taken out to The Babylon Club where Frank usually visits.

Three months later Tony tries to make amends with his mother and little sister Gina. Who are glad to see him at first but once he offers them money, Mama Montana is taken a back and doesn’t want herself of Gina a part of Tony’s dirty money. However Gina is willing to take a chance on her brother. Manny makes a remark about how beautiful Gina is and Tony threatens him. We see that Tony is very over protective of his little sister. He angrily warns Manny to restrain from having relations with his sister.

While on business in Bolivia, Tony feels that Frank is soft and begins to defy him. He does this by trying to negotiate with Alejandro Sosa, another ruthless and powerful drug lord. Sosa discovers that Omar was an informant for the police and has him hung from a helicopter to show Montana how he deals with traitors. Tony gets into trouble when he returns to Florida, Frank finds out about his proposal to Elvira and decides to take him out.

At the night club, Tony sees his little sister Gina going in to the toilets with a strange man and he is not amused he follows them in with Manny by his side and punches the man. He gets into a row with his sister and slaps her. Manny comforts Gina. It becomes evident to the audience that Manny has a soft spot for Gina and could possibly be in love with her.

Later on Tony is attacked three gunmen in the club who were sent to take him out by Frank he kills them and escapes with a bullet to shoulder. He has Manny kill Frank and he begins his rise to power. He goes outside and sees a blimp that displays the words “the world is yours” He marries Elvira and takes over Frank’s drug-empire but it is evident that it is still not enough for him.

Eventually his rise to power becomes his downfall he becomes paranoid, he ends up taking too much of his own cocaine.

His marriage also took a toll as he and Elvira got into a heated argument in a public restaurant. He insulted her for being barren, she was non to happy about this and insulted Tony back and left him. Tony was offended but believed that she would come back to him.  

When Sosa called on Montana shortly after giving him a job to assassinate a minister in New York. Tony told Manny that he was leaving for a few weeks before he went. He was to work with a ruthless assassin that Sosa had hired to do the job but needed Tony to follow up on the kill. The ministers’ car that they were meant to blow up had his wife and children inside it as well. Tony felt that this was too much, the ministers’ wife and children didn’t deserve to die and he didn’t want to be a part of that crime. Tony took out the assassin and returned to Florida without completing the task.

Upon his return, Tony wanted and needed Manny to comfort him, but received word that Manny was missing, no one had seen him since he had left. He also wondered where Elvira was and told one of his guards to tell her he loves her if they ever heard from her. He tries to seek refuge in his family, he goes to his mothers’ home to find Gina who is also missing. Mama Montana argues with Tony saying that he destroys everything in his path he can never let anyone be happy. She tells him that ever since he got back Gina began to change her ways and loose her morals. She told him that it was the money that he was giving her, but Tony told her he had only given her money once and he put the pieces of the puzzle together. He asked for Manny’s address and went to his place. Tony knew that it was Manny who was giving his sister money. When he reached Manny’s home, he saw Gina in a gown he didn’t think about his actions he killed his best friend Gina told him that they had just gotten married the night before and that they were going to surprise him. Tony takes her back to his mansion.

Back at his mansion, Sosa’s men were coming for him. Gina came into his study and tried to seduce him, but then she reveals her intentions are to kill the man that killed her husband.

Sosa’s men by this time were on their way to kill Tony, there was a massive gun fight Gina was killed and once that happened it was clear he had lost everything that ever loved. His wife left him, his mother shunned him and his best friend and sister where dead. Sosa’s main hit man shot Tony in the back and he fell to his demise. The closing scene, a globe with “the world is yours” sprawled across it.

GENRE

This film is predominantly a film of the GANGSTER GENRE. This is made evident through the conventions which is contains with in it. These conventions are what dominate the narrative of the film to enrol it among the gangster genre. The conventions in this film include the follow. The use of a male lead. Gangster films often appeal to a male audience because they are conventionally about men, casting an underdog as the lead and watching him rise and fall. Money and Power; most gangster films are centred around ones desire to obtain either money or power. In this film money was the equivalent to power. Montanas objective was to take out the man with the most money in order to inherit his power. Another convention includes violence; This is accompanied by props such as guns and knives, but in Scarface it was mostly guns. He who holds the gun usually holds the power to give and take. In the beginning a knife was a means that Montana and Manny used to begin their ascension into power, after that they used a gun. And a gun was also the demise of Tony Montana. Family is also another convention used in gangster films. In this film the main family that was used where the Montanas, entailing Mama Montana, Tony and his younger sister.

REPRESENTATION

MEN: Conventionally in Gangster Films, Men are the more dominant characters, holding the world in the palm of their hands and controlling everything around them. This is why the audience for gangster films is men. They are seen as ruthless criminals who would do anything to get what they want. But they are also seen as loyal people respecting the rules of the "game" that they play, abiding by the rules put in play by the men before them. Also loyal to their family and true friends, blood is thicker than water, they intend to protect their family and provide them with what they need by any means, and respect it if the refuse.

WOMEN: Women may not be the predominant gender in gangster films but they also have their place to balance the equation of the Gangster genre. In gangster films there are three types of women. The strong independent woman: This is she who has seen what men are capable of and isn't afraid because she is strong in morals and beliefs. In Scarface she is represented by Mama Montana. Who shunned her own son when she learnt of his ways. The other type is The Damsel in distress: She is the one who is aware of everything, and is caught up in it because she is too close to the main gangsters, played by either wife, daughter, or sister. In Scarface she was played by both Tina, Montana's sister and Alvera Montana's wife. They were too close to Tony and that pushed them away and led to Tinas demise when she eloped with his best friend. And finally there is the sex object. This type of woman is either seen in a stripper or dancer or female that portrays herself in a demoralizing manner. In order to split there intentions apart, Manny was the one who was seen objectifying many women as sexual objects and that made Tony question where his loyalties lie.

TARGET AUDIENCE

The target audience for gangster movies can be broken down and categorised as follows:

GENDER:

PRIMARILY: Male. This is because the leads are always portrayed by ambitious males which men like to see them selves as. The use of money, power and violence appeals to the selfish and savage nature of the male species.

SECONDARY: Female. Although, there are many types of females represented in the film, this film is capable of appealing to them but the ration of gender appeal is less than that of the males.

AGE: The age rating for this film is 18+ which makes that the age group that it is targeted towards due to the level of violence, fowl language and sexual innuendo.

DEMOGRAPHIC: This film is for the average man with desires to rise to success, It is for the working class who are trying to make something of themselves and see a little bit of the main cast inside them selves.

INTERESTS: The range of things that the audience may be into include. Violent video games, Film, The Gangster Genre. etc.  

 

WORKSHOP DUBBING DIALOGUE EVALUATION

For this particular workshop, we were working in pairs I worked with Hari Jayarajan. David had set up short clips of dialogue between two characters the scene that we chose was from the matrix, the scene included a conversation between Morpheus and Neo when Morpheus was asking Neo if he wants to know what the Matrix is. The objective of this work shop was to add dialogue to the clip by muting all the sound effects and dialogue and adding our own in there. The method we chose to use seemed simple. 
We booked a private room and recorded the dialogue via garage band. Since both of the voices were male my voice was filtered and lowered a few tones to sound masculine to match Morpheus. 
The recording went really well but the timing was bad. Unfortunately, the task of editing fell to me and I am not really good at editing via Garage band. some of the dialogue was out of synch and the words didn't all fall in the correct place. But the point of the task was to understand Foley recording and re dubbing audio which had already been recorded which we did. 

Work Shop Adding Diegetic music.

For this task we were to add diegetic music into a one minute clip from a film of television programme. Ideally the diegetic music that was chosen was music that came from a radio of a television or otherwise in the scene.

There were a number of scenes that came to mind when this topic was introduced, but my original choice was a clip from the famous television series The Fresh Prince of Bel Air. The clip involved actor and protagonist Will Smith mouthing the lyrics to Jennifer Holliday's "And I am Telling You." to his uncle and guardian Phillip Banks. The scene was approximately one minute and forty seconds long and the music that accompanied him was introduced via a stereo system in the scene.

After choosing this video, David converted it so that it was available for me to edit and I downloaded the original song from youtube and converted it to an Mp3 format so that it too could be edited.

I used the application reaper in order to edit the audio. I have experience using this application as it was what we used in order to edit dialogue used in off scene phone call conversations. Before editing the sound my intention was to cut down the length of the song to match the scene, but it would have it that the song in the actual clip had already been edited alternating to the original song and finding the correct placement of the various parts of the song was difficult, so I opted to try another video. The video which a choose was a scene from the famous comedy film Napoleon Dynamite. The scene contained Napoleon and some females from his class signing the lyrics of a song which was played over the radio. 

This scene took place in a classroom, from previous dubbing workshops on thing I learnt is that no room has absolute silence. Even in a silent classroom there will be some background ambience. Even though it was not part of the assignment i took it upon my self to add sound effect to the scene, after i muted all the original sound as part of the assignment. I downloaded a two minute ambience sound effect. This was ideal because i could shorten it to match the length of the clip which was approximately one minute long. The sound effect which followed was the button click of a portable radio of which and finally a male sighing. All these sound effect i downloaded where edited to match the clip via premiere which is ideal for editing sound effects to match a video clip because you can view the clip at the same time. After matching the sound effects to the clip, I downloaded the song used in the film and edited it via reaper so that it sounded that it came from a radio. I put all the footage together via premiere. 

Workshop: Phone Call Dubbing

The objective of this task was to work in pairs; I paired up with Bradley Westall, we were to choose from a selection of clips from films with a phone call on them to do professional looping and editing. This task included script writing, recording and editing. The clip Bradley and I chose was off a scene in anchorman, well known as "The Glass Case Of Emotion." I typed out the script and after a long wait (which was a major inconvenience for us) we began recording. 
We first recorded on the studio recording system using Reaper, but that was a waste of time because the system was damaged. Plan B involved us recording the audio via Garage band. I am quite new to garage band, but in the past I had used it to record an original non diegetic soundtrack for a previous Dubbing exercise. It took a numerous number of takes because we were trying to record the audio while watching the clip muted and follow our scripts at the same time so that we could be synchronised with the clip but we kept having interruptions or we would miss our cue. So to render the situation we decided to record each of our lines separately, render the audio and edit it via Reaper. It didn't take a long time to edit all the audio. One key point of this task was to isolate audio from the clip which was recorded non synchronous to the image. This is when someone is speaking but the audience cannot see them. It is used in voice overs as well as phone conversations. In this particular exercise the task was to edit the audio of the non synchronous sound so that it sounded as though the person was being heard over the phone. In the scene we chose only two lines from on of the characters was recorded over the phone, I isolated the audio over reaper and edited it to sound like it was over the phone.
The final process of the task was to combine the audio and the video together. This process was done via premiere. I find premiere the easiest when it comes to mixing audio this is because I have a lot of experience using it. I first uploaded the clip onto premiere, then I edited it from there so that the audio matches the clip.
in conclusion I can say I relatively understand the concept of editing audio to sound non diegetic for example via phone calls and radios etc

WORKSHOP: ADDING AND COMPARING MUSIC

For this task the objective of this task was to find a clip form a movie or a television series and add music to it. We were to use two different ways which were; Garage Band (the music application) and to collect a sound clip with or without lyrics from youtube or from sound library and add them to the video clip you have chosen.
METHOD 1
The clip I chose was from the wire, the scene is called "How to play Chess." I chose it because I am familiar with the scene so I gad a rough ides of what I wanted to do to it. The scene involves two African American teenage boys playing checkers on a chess board using chess pieces and a man coming to them and teaching them how to play the correct game.
On garage band I decided to use the Hip Hop drum kit, I used a prolonged symbol noise to introduce the beat. The symbols are good to introduce any beat because its a prolonged sound that gradually gets loud and fades out on its own. The following beat was a cliche Hip hop beat which can be affiliated with any African American genre of media products (films, series' and music) I put in a base beat in the first beat and then ended it with the symbols once again to introduce another beat. I didn't want the beat to run to long so i used the symbols to separate the beats and prepare the audience for another beat, conveniently it was too in place with the dialogue whenever the elder gentleman would talk about another chess piece. This added on to the mood and meaning and made the scene a bit more enjoyable and light hearted, because the beat was simple and on tune with the scene. I think that the way i composed the audio was suitable because the scene contained a lot of dialogue, it would not be effective if i created an over exaggerated music piece because the challenge would be finding away for the audience to listen to both the music and the audio of the clip at the same time. I used the music to add more meaning to the clip this is because the music is mellow, and it is accompanying the explanation of the game of chess.

METHOD TWO
Since the clip is of African American decent I figured that it would be suitable to have an African American song as the back ground music. I chose a song that has a mellow tone to it. I picked my music off of youtube I converted it to an Mp4 and edited it via reaper. The track didn't need a lot of editing t it only needed to be shortened. I put the audio and the track together via, premiere. this was much simpler than using garage band. 

LOCK STOCK AND TWO SMOKING BARRELS TRAILER AND POSTER ANALYSIS

In the movie trailer, there a certain key factors that are used to reach out to the desired to make the Gangster genre seen, for example the action music in the background, I feel that Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels is mixed with the action genre, this is shown in the music that is played in the background, it is quite intense action music. Action is one of the conventions used in certain Gangster movies. Another factor was the use of the tagline, "The Comedy That Conquered Britain." We see that not only is it a gangster film but it is mixed with Comedy as well. One shouldn't expect over all seriousness that classic gangster movies entail. Some of the scenes chosen in the trailer prove the theory that it is a comedy movie. The clip of Jason Statham balancing cigars in his ears, mouth and on top of his head. Also the final bit when Big Chris and Little Chris were in the car and Big Chris was giving him instructions to what they should do about counting money and finding the guns and then he told Little Chris to put on his seat belt. Finally the gangster movie is made evident through the various typical gangster conventions portrayed in the trailer, for example the gambling, the money, the various groups of people portrayed as gangs and the use of guns and bullets. All these conventions have been isolated as things that we would expect to see in a gangster film. Evidence of this can be taken from other gangster movies such as Scarface. Money is always a key objective for the gangs to obtain by any means necessary that is through violence, this shown through the use of arms such as the shot guns mentioned in the title of the film (Two Smoking Barrels) that is a double barrel shot gun.
There are three movie posters that came with this film, each of them have differences and similarities which can be used to asses the genre of the film.
the First poster has all main four protagonists on it with different facial expressions and props. The first man, has a nervous look on his face, this could be used to make relevance of the comedic element as his facial expression is quite humorous, one may wonder what he has gotten him self into. The second man is holding a stack of cards, this can be linked to gambling and it connects to the tag line, "they lost half a million in cards, but they still have a few tricks up their sleeve." Also gambling is one of the conventions of gangster films. The third man, is holding a stack of money most likely representing the money mentioned in the tagline. Money is also a convention of Gangster films as a main objective and the final man is carrying the shot gun representing the convention of violence and also the guns mentioned in the title.
The second poster is simpler. It has an animated image of a double barrelled shot gun with a finger on the trigger representing violence and connected to the film title. It also has the four protagonists on top of the barrels, one of which is carrying a duffel bag. From my own knowledge I know that on the streets, people in gangs used duffel bags to carry large sums of money. After watching the film it was made evident that the duffel bag was what the four men used to carry the money that they had stolen. In this poster the tagline is "A disgrace to criminals everywhere" this gives the audience an idea that the main protagonists in the film are not all that they are cracked up to be, it makes the audience wonder whether or not they are hardened criminals like the average gangster. 
The final poster has two of the main protagonists on it and one of the other main characters, Big Chris played by Vinnie Jones a famous british football player. He is well known for his role in different films but mainly for his football career. His role in the poster I believe is to appeal to a wider audience of football fans, more so British nationals. Again, just like the other posters the two double barrel shot guns are shown representing the two smoking barrels in the title. 
The tag line in this poster is a quote from a british magazine which reads "The years best british movie mixes the authenticity of a long black friday with the jet black humour of Reservoir Dogs, and the intricately plotted wit of the italian job, one of the funniest films I have seen in years." There were a few key words highlighted in the tag line these are Best British Movie and The Funniest Film. This suggests to the audience that it is a British Film and it suggests large amounts of comedic elements which is unconventional for a gangster movie. 

Lock Stock and Two Smoking Barrels

Lock stock and to smoking barrels is a movie mainly about four friends Tom, Eddie, Bacon and Soap. who invest money in a high stakes game of black jack hosted by a gangster named Harry aided by Barry aka Barry the Baptist. Eddie is opted to play the game because he is their ace in the hole he has the ability to read peoples expression which makes him ideal for the game. Harry is informed of this and he installs a camera in the building to see Eddies cards. Harry ends up winning the game putting Eddie and his friends in debt with Harry who give them three days to give him back his money. Eddie and his friend are threatened by Barry who says he will cut off their fingers and toes for everyday that goes by without the payment and if that doesn't work he will kill his dad and destroy his pub. Meanwhile Harry put the debt  collecting duties in the hands of his most trusted and ruthless debt collector Big Chris who is always accompanied by this prodigy and son Little Chris.
A few days pass, and the boys still have no plans to pay back the money. Eddie over hears his neighbours planning a heist involving marijuana and just enough money to pay back Harry with, he tells his friends and they make a plan to rob the robbers. Tom acquires a pair of two double barrel antique shot guns from Nick the Greek. Who had earlier made a deal about purchasing Marijuana from Rory, another Gangster and a well known Sociopath.
Harry had hired two lower level criminals name Gary and Dean to rob a bankrupt millionaire of two antique double barrel shot guns before the card game. These guns were worth millions of pounds. However Gary and Dean for their own benefit sold the guns to Nick and where later threatened by Barry to get them back.
Dog is a leader of a small group of thieves who is very violent, he learnt his information about the Marijuana and the chemists from one of their friends. Even though the heist didn't go exactly according to plan, they were able to acquire the marijuana and a large amount of money from the chemists. On returning back to their hide out they were ambushed by Eddie and his gang who left them tied up in their own apartment and departed with the marijuana and the money.
The story begins to come together when Rory discovers that his chemists have been robbed, he interrogates Nick and uses him to find the people that robbed his chemists. Meanwhile Dog, furious with what had just happened to him, throws one of his partners through the wall and discovers that his stash was being hidden in the room right next to them. At around the same time Rory and his men are on there way to take back what he believes is rightfully his.
There is a shoot out and everyone perishes but Dog and the Lone Chemist. Meanwhile Big Chris and little Chris are on their way to collect Harry's debt and Eddie and the boys are on their way home from the pub. As they enter the house they see all the Carnage, and realise that both the money and the guns are gone. Big Chris gives the guns and the money to Harry and upon returning to his car, he finds Dog holding a knife to the neck of little Chris. Meanwhile Gary and Dean return to Harrys office and it ends up in a shootout with all of them dead including Barry the Baptist, by this time the four boys were on their way to Harry's to ask for more time, but as Eddie and Tom enter Harrys office, they again stumble upon the carnage. Eddie takes the money but Tom stays behind with the guns.
With Nick and Little Chris still in the car Big Chris crashes into Eddies car and kills Dog by smashing his head into the car door. He inspects the car that he crashed and takes the money from the boys. He goes into the house and sees Tom surrounded by corpses with two short guns in arms. Big Chris respects the situation and takes his son away with the money.
The remaining friends are arrested and with no ties to the crime are let go, however Tom still has the shot guns and the others ask him to get rid of them. Big Chris returns an empty duffle bag and a book which shows the boys how the much the guns were worth, desperate attempts to get a hold of Tom. The film ends with Tom hanging over the Thames with his ringing phone in his mouth and the shot guns in hand.
Lock Stock and Two Smoking Barrels had a multi strand narrative this means that there was more than one story intertwined with in the film. The main story was the story of Eddie and his gang being in debt and trying to get the money back to Harry, while he is fixated on acquiring the antique shot guns. Also in the mix of everything Dog is planning a heist which upsets Rory the sociopathic gangster. This technique is usually used to keep the audiences attention, by telling other stories leading up to one final dramatic showdown the audiences interest is peaked because they wish to know what will befall of the various characters.
The film possesses an alternative narrative structure, this means that the events that transpired with in the film were in order leading up to the conclusion. In the beginning we see the boys putting together the money, followed by the card game, then the plan to interrupt the heist, Tom getting the guns, the heist and the robbery, followed by them collecting their money and attempting to return it to Harry which is were the beginning of the end happened. The only thing that corrupted the main story was the small stories mixed in with the main plot which where established as part of the multi strand narrative which is a technique commonly used in soap operas.
I would say that the film is an enigma because of the open ending. The entire film I was expecting them to pay off the debt or to get away with the money. But as Big Chris took the money I thought it would just end there but they found out the true value of the guns which they had asked Tom to throw away so the audience is left wondering how it really ends, whether Tom answers his phone, if he drops the guns or not et cetera.
There are a lot of counter actions that stop the protagonists from reaching their goal. In the beginning its Harry and Barry cheating in the Black Jack game, Big Chris is one of the main counter actions that they face in the film. He maintains the balance of the story line and allows the movie to continue because every time they boys are close to reaching their goal Big Chris is in the way. This is known as the Equilibrium.
Lock Stock and Two smoking barrels had a good climax, it maintained the audiences suspense the entire time, it kept them guessing about what would happen next. Every time an  event would transpire it would build up to an even better moment in the film.
Through the various techniques and conventions used in the film I discovered that Lock Stock and Two Smoking Barrels is a ultimately a gangster movie with comedy as its sub genre. The gangster genre is noted through the various conventions such as gangs, guns, drugs, women, rivalry, money and gambling and organised crime. I compared the film to Scarface there are a lot of conventions they have in common. For example the use of drugs as a source of income, having someone to maintain the natural order of the organised crime division, Lock Stock had Barry and Scarface has Sosa. Some of the way they represented women in Lock Stock and Scarface was similar. The use of guns, part of Lock Stock is centred around the two antiquities and the movie has very many scenes involving shoot outs just like Scarface had, although the ones in Scarface were more explicit. Finally the violence and overall content in terms of language, nudity and the various massacres.
All these conventions are what defines majority of the gangster films that are in existence. 
The comedy element of the film is something which it doesn't share with Scarface. Gangster movies are usually to be taken seriously, they may have a few witty elements inside them but it is unconventional to have the two genres mixed together. Some of the comedic elements that we see in Lock Stock include the low level robbers Gary and Dean, some of the things that happen to them and the way they react to them may seem funny to the audience, for example when Gary had his hair shot off.
There are various ways by which men and women are represented in the film, for example the three women in the film, the first one was the old woman at the Black Jack game, she was a strong figure head evidently used to dealing with gangsters but she doesn't take any nonsense from any of them. The second woman was the woman that was with the chemists she seemed in over  her head just an average junkie, she never had any dialogue so and she was weak but courageous in a stupid way. Finally the sexual objectifying stripper, which was in the club when Barry was talking to Dean and Gary, she was just used as a sexual object to peak the interest of the initial target audience.
Males are represented as strong individuals with a keen eye for business, they a money oriented and determined. All of these elements are seen in nearly all the main characters in the film.
In terms of target audience I believe that they age group is 18+ this is because of the overall explicit nature of the movie, mainly the language and the violence. The gender it is targeted to is males this is simply because of the content and the way which they have represented males as the strong independent masculine type in the film. In terms of ethnicity, I feel that the film is for mainly black and white people because they had a strong male black British lead as well as all the other Caucasian leads in the film. Nationality wise I feel that the film is particularly for British people, this is because of the nature of the film, the comedic elements are British, most people who aren't British nationals wouldn't understand the wit behind the jokes or the cockney slang in some of the speech or the nature of the imbalance between Northerners and Southerners.
As regards to the violent nature of the film, I found it tolerable, the only exceedingly violent scene was when Big Chris killed Dog and even that in my opinion was some what justified and in terms of camera operations enjoyable due to the point of view shot that they used for it. Other wise the movie wasn't as violent as Scarface or City of God. I found it enjoyable, I really liked the film minus the open ending.

Dubbing Audio

Lock Stock And Two Smoking Barrels Review

I found this film really enjoyable. I am a fan of basic Gangster films. I feel that the involvement of drugs, gambling and money laundering really elaborated the gangster genre. The use of basic comedic elements also made the movie very interesting to me. The irony in some of the situations was very humorous how the four main characters kept finding everyone dead wherever they would go, almost like what they wanted landed in their laps. Also the use of basic British comedy mad it enticing because it was relatable. Phrases used in the movie are used in everyday vernacular especially in Britain. The three different ways by which they represented females in the film was also intriguing. You had the card dealer who was independent, bold and authoritative, They stoner who was sluggish but brave and then my least favourite the stripper who was represented as a sexual object. The film also had heart and this is something that the audience could relate to, for example the relationship between big Chris and little Chris. However I didn't like the open ending. 

Interview Recording Workshop

In this assignment I worked with Sabrina Yaacub and Isabella Francis. The objective was to record an interview consisting of four questions in three different locations; Classroom, Radio Studio and Outside using the best available external microphones. Sabrina composed the questions and each of us was interviewed and interviewed one another. This gave us all a feel of being on both sides. 

Classroom recording.
I interviewed Bella in the class room. We used the handheld audio recorder. This device didn't have a microphone attached to it. As it was inside a closed and isolated environment. However the only difficulty we faced was getting isabella to answer the question accordingly and I didn't handle her answers appropriately but the conflict made the interview more interesting so we kept the footage. The quality of the recording was good, both voices were audible. There were no mistakes and if we began to laugh I would simply press pause on the recorder so we can get it out of our system and continue recording. I was pleased with the end result. Using the hand held recorder is not hard or complicated. 

Radio Studio Recording
For the radio studio recording Bella was the interviewer and Sabrina the interviewee. The software that we used to record the interview is called reaper. In my personal opinion i find reaper easy to use, it allows room for both recording and editing at the same time. It was the first recording that we did, so there were a few errors but we would simply delete the recordings and start over in order to get them recorded in one take. However, another method we used was stop and start. If a pronunciation error was made, Bella or Sabrina would pause and then repeat their statement to make for simple editing. Before saving the recording we played the footage back to ourselves. The voices were audible as they both spoke into the microphone which I would move so they didn't have to. 

Outside
Sabrina interviewed me, this was the final interview we conducted in the lesson. It took place outside college between the main building and the gym. I choose this location because it was easily accessible and it would provide us with good outside audio of wind. For this we had to attach a microphone to the hand held recorder that we had. Sabrina held the microphone and I the recorder. It was very simple and it was done in one take. When played back the main inconvenience was the wind it was very heavy and the microphone picked up the audio very clearly, however the voices were heard quite clearly as we spoke close to the microphone because we predicted the weather.

Microphone Analysis
The two main types of microphones that we used include the following:
The Dynamic Microphone
These are loud and they capture sounds without distortions. Which made it suitable to use outside, to capture the sound of our voices outdoors. 
The Condenser Microphone
These are commonly used for studio recording, especially on vocals. They are good at picking up more tonal variation and nuance than the dynamic microphone. This makes in suitable for a close and restricted environment that cannot be affected greatly by outdoor sound.  

SCARFACE: ADVERTISING AND AUDIENCE

Narrative can be defined as the things that we see for example in the movie trailer the narrative is the content, what is said and seen. The creators use the narrative to target their audience. There is a voice over that sets the scene of the movie that is, the time and place. This appeals to Americans, the movie is set in America specifically Miami. The time is 1980. This appeals to people who enjoy 80's films. You can tell Tony Montana is of Latin decent, this also appeals to the Latin community. The trailer contains clips of violence. We know that violence is a convention used in Gangster films so that also appeals to the audience. By portraying images of the lavish lifestyle, money, loyalty and betrayal, the trailer paints a picture of the Gangster life of Tony Montana, his uprising but it also predicts his downfall. The narrative, gives the audience a hint of the movie without giving away too much information. I feel that the target audience through the narrative is mainly male; this is because of the way they make Men the target focus of the film and also the way they objectify women in the film as some what a possession.
As per the film poster. The colours used show the audience are conventional Gangster film colours Black connotes death and evil, White connotes serenity, purity and innocence and red connotes blood, love and vengeance. People who have an interest in the story line of Gangster films are aware of this and attracted to it. The creators use the colours to attract the audience. The image of the protagonist elegantly dressed in black an white appeals to the male audience, connoting the lavish lifestyle that he may have. Although his facial expression shows that he is probably going to face some trials and tribulation. On the left hand side of the poster, there is a short summary of the movie, showing the audience what is to come without giving away too much information. The creators also use the Tag Line "He loved the American Dream with a vengeance." This implies that Tony Montana was set to do anything to live the American dream. The use of the actor and directors names on the poster give the audience of what to feel if they have ever watched a De Palmer or Pacino film.
In the trailer there are four main characters the audience takes notice to are the protagonist that is Tony Montana Played by Al Pacino. The other three are his best friend, the boss Frank and the Love interest. What the trailer does is link all of the other three characters to the protagonist. His friend the one that was there in the beginning. The person that's willing to go on this dangerous journey with him, his boss the one that was his ticket into that lifestyle needed to take over him to get on top and then he would be able to acquire the girl to fit into the ultimate gangster profile. The trailer portrays the connection between the characters and tells a story of loyalty, hard work, determination, love, success betrayal and failure.
I the movie poster only focuses on the protagonist, it has a large image of a very sharply dressed Tony Montana in the middle over the poster under the cover line AL PACINO SCARFACE. This connotes the role of Al Pacino as the protagonist and the focal point of the film. He is carrying a gun as well. This appeals to the violent nature of the audience.

The Chase: EVALUATION.

For this task I partnered up with Sabrina Yaacub and Isabella Francis. This objective of the assignment was to create a short film show casing some one making a discovery of any kind. We were to heavily feature different camera skills that we have analysed in class such as close ups, panning, two shots, three shots, long shots and many others.

To begin we brainstormed ideas until we came up with one. Our film was going to be about a murder taking place in a suburban home. I drew out the storyboard which consisted of various shots and camera angles. Some examples of the various camera angels that we used include close ups; to determine certain facial expressions to add to the mood and meaning. Other camera angles were used in order to make characters look sinister or innocent, depending on the angle. We made sure to include various establishing shots to show which character was being stalked and who did the stalking.
Another role I played included playing the serial killer and filming. The location that we had chosen was my home. Alas the footage came out too dark, we tried to film again the following day but the problem re occurred.

In order to complete the task we changed the storyline of the film. We adapted the characters from the previous movie we made and developed a sequel to the film. I this I played the victim killed by the ghost of the girl I murdered and Sabrina was going to be the one to discover my corpse. The filming took place on campus in the second floor lavatory. We used fake blood to accentuate the murder. We didn't draw up a new story board for this task.
Through all these trials and errors I learnt a few key factors. I learnt how to adjust the settings on the camera. I learnt that sometimes writers don't stick to their original scripts because of unforeseen circumstances.

The discovery video should be on the Arts and media drive. 

TASK 3: FACTUAL TELEVISION ANALYSIS

 

Devices on which television can be watched and listened

• Cellular device
• Portable tablet device
• Television
• Laptop
• Computer

 

Devices which I watch/own/have access to watch television

• Cellular Device – worst sound quality – least capability for surround sound and panning
• Portable tablet device - worst sound quality – least capability for surround sound and panning
• Television – best sound quality – most capability for surround and panning
• Laptop - best sound quality – most capability for surround and panning

 

Possible effects on mood and meaning

• Cellular Device – It changes the mood, I cannot fully enjoy a programme because it’s playing from a small device although the sound quality on my phone is really good. I always connect stereo headphones to get better sound quality.
• Portable tablet device – It has the same effect as my phone would the screen is small so some genres are not as enjoyable as they would be if I was watching them on television for example horrors. I also connect a portable speaker to my tablet to make for a better sound quality.
• Television – My television is fitted with surround sound and is HD. Therefore it amplifies the mood and meaning of some genres because the picture is clear and both diegetic and non-diegetic sounds are audible.
• Laptop – My laptop has a large screen, which is good for watching films, and television programmes and it’s also fitted with substandard speakers. However I prefer to watch animation and comedy programmes on it because other genres will not give me a good feel of the programme.

 

Examples of television programmes that fit:

(TOP GEAR) Series 16 Episode 5.

Top Gear is a documentary recorded before a live studio audience reviewing cars released over the years and yet to be released. It can be found on BBC iPlayer, it features clips of the cars being tested on different terrains by either of the presenters, races between cars and various modes of transportation, interviews of different celebrities and clips of them driving around the Top Gear track. It is filmed on a dormant airfield.

 

Studio audio recording

The Studio recording contains a live studio audience and segments if the programme such as the news, where they talk about cars that have some out across the globe and other that are yet to come out. In this segment the hosts Jeremy Clarkson, James May and Richard Hammond are communicating with the audience and updating then. They have televisions fitted around the studio to show the audience pictures and clips of the cars they are talking about. At times they will interact with the audience to get an opinion. Most times they have the cars in the studio and they talk about them inside the studio if they have not been permitted to take the car for a test drive by the manufactures. I think that the studio recording gives the audience a first hand and exclusive feel of a professional non biased opinion of certain vehicles. The way which the presenters go about the show gives it a comedic feel, Top Gear is known for being a witty programme. Interaction with the studio audience gives it the reality programme feel and lightens the mood.

 

Location audio recording

Some of the Top Gear episodes are filmed in different locations within or outside the country. For example every race or test drive, which they film outside the studio is pre-recorded before the programme and then shown to the live studio audience. In this particular episode majority of the location footage was shot in England where the three were test driving a snow plough that they built. Other footage filmed includes the cars driven on the road and on the track by Jeremy Clarkson and The Stig respectively. Background music which is played during the location sequences sets the mood for the audience. Heavy, loud aggressive music is played while driving sports cars, like the audi and BMW which were test driven in this episode. It also shows the audience how the cars favour on different terrains.

 

Interview

The main interview conducted in the programme is the special guest star in the reasonably priced car. In the episode I choose the star in the reasonably priced car that they picked was an American actress named Amber Heard. As a formality Jeremy, the main host of the show asks the star about their career, any on-going projects they have and the recent ones they have done and what is yet to come; in form of open and closed questions. Then so as not to stray away from the concept of the programme he asks them about the cars that they own, like and dislike or would like to own. Finally to close the interview he talks about the lap that they did around the Top Gear track before showing it to the live studio audience. After the lap is shown he talks to the star about it before hanging it up on the board. We see all these traits in his interview with Amber. The interview isn’t pre-recorded it is filmed in front of the live studio audience. I feel that the producers include this segment in the programme to appeal to a variety of people that are keen on the different celebrities. It helps broaden the alternative audience of the programme.

 

Voiceover

The voiceovers in the episode are carried out by all three presenters. The first voiceover appears in the opening sequence it is always done by Jeremy Clarkson. It introduces the viewers to the show. Other voiceovers are carried out during the location audio recordings. All of them are done separately and then edited into the picture. This is like a guide to the audience explaining what is going on during the segment. The voiceovers are not so long so as to distract the audience from the programme. Everything that is pre-recoded is also shown to live studio audience as well as broadcasted on television.